Wristband Devices That Track Your Running Mileage Pace & Time

A wristband device keeps track of your running time and mileage.

Whether you are training for a triathlon or trying to improve on your personal best, a device that tracks your mileage and time is a useful tool. Some of the new wristband devices are even equipped with a GPS and online mapping system. Using a wristband device while running or biking can provide you with useful information to help you improve your workouts.

Garmin Forerunner

The Garmin Forerunner 305 GPS Watch provides runners with information such as distance, heart rate and speed on a display screen. You can compare your times with the information stored in the device from previous workout sessions. It is equipped with a GPS receiver that works even around tall buildings. The Garmin Foot Pod is available as an accessory to keep track of workout information such as pace and mileage you do inside on a treadmill. The Garmin Forerunner 305 GPS watch allows you to upload your data to the Internet.

Timex Ironman

The Timex Ironman T5J985 Unisex Trail Runner features a GPS and heart rate monitor, as well as a 100-hour chronograph, 100-lap memory and five different alarms. Users who participate in water sports need a training device that is water resistant; this one is resistant to 165 feet. It has a light for use in the dark. This device will calculate average pace, best pace, heart rate and rate of recovery, and has a GPS.

Polar RS800G3

Polar RS800G3 is a wristband device that comes with a complete training system, according to Running Times Magazine. It uses a wireless system that tracks pace, time, speed, distance, cadence, stride length, heart rate and altitude changes. Users can view their information on seven different screens, and the data is compatible with the Polar ProTrainer 5 software.

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What Is The Meaning Of An Adrenaline Rush

What Is the Meaning of an Adrenaline Rush?

An adrenaline rush can happen in a variety of situations, such as being chased by a bear in the woods or taking a biology final. An adrenaline rush is the body's natural reaction to a threat. It is a physiological process that prepares the body for battle or escape, often called the "fight or flight" reaction. It's what helped early humans survive the dangers in their environment. Though we rarely find ourselves in situations where we have to ward off a mountain lion or run from a herd of charging buffalo, the adrenaline rush still happens in modern times of stress.

Definition

Adrenaline is another name for epinephrine, the substance that is secreted by the adrenal gland. The adrenal gland is located right above the kidney.

Physical Effects

When adrenaline is released into the blood system, it goes to work to make some changes in the way the body is functioning. The heart begins to pump harder, and blood pressure goes up. Airways in the lungs open up while blood vessels in the skin and intestines narrow. This causes blood to flow away from these organs and flow into major muscle groups. The body is preparing the muscles so that they may fight or have the energy to run away.

Rational Thinking

The fight-or-flight response brought on by an adrenaline rush is not easily controlled by your rational mind. You may be able to logically understand that taking a biology test cannot kill you or physically harm you. However, the response from your adrenal gland bypasses any form of rational thought.

Chronic Stress

Some complications can occur with excess adrenaline. People who experience chronic stress and anxiety disorders can incorrectly perceive a threat from their environment. They may worry about something simple like being late to a meeting or something complicated like a relationship with a spouse. Either way, the body doesn't differentiate the threat of bodily harm from the threat of stress from emotions. It reacts in the same way, causing symptoms of panic and anxiety. This can become a source of severe distress for some people.

Thrill Seekers

An adrenaline rush is not always a negative experience. Many people relate an adrenaline rush to extreme sports and adventures. Someone might say that they love roller coasters because of the adrenaline rush. The excitement of these kinds of activities results in the same bodily response as threatening situations. When a person knows he is not in harm, the fluttery feeling in his chest and accelerated heartbeat can be fun and exciting.

Medical Uses

Through research, scientists have discovered many uses for epinephrine. They've extracted epinephrine from animals and studied it, which resulted in the creation of synthetic epinephrine. This synthetic hormone can be used in medical emergencies like heart attacks, shock, asthma and even glaucoma.

Tags: adrenaline rush, adrenal gland, Meaning Adrenaline, Meaning Adrenaline Rush, taking biology

Training Plan For Cyclists For A Halfmarathon

Use your fitness levels to make the jump to running.

If you are a cyclist, chances are high you have a developed cardiopulmonary system that allows for other endurance sports such as running. Use your existing fitness levels to build upon to compete in events such as a half-marathon running race. Going the 13.1 miles is no small feat, and the fitness you have from cycling is only going to help. Concentrate on developing a training plan that programs your muscles for the new movements associated with running, and incorporate healthy eating and snacking into the mix.

First Month

Start a new calendar using any home computer schedule programs or via an iPad or smartphone. If you are balancing work and family life along with athletic training, figure out consistent times of the day to train. To begin training your muscles for the rigors of running from cycling, plan on going for a run two times a week for the first four weeks on your training. For three days of the week, continue cycling. This gives you the needed cardio training, while programming muscle memory for running. When possible, run or cycle during the same time each day. Running or cycling near the same time each day keeps the body on a form of circadian rhythm. Often, this helps the muscle memory for the needed motions as well as keeping you in a disciplined and consistent routine; these are crucial to solid training.

Second Month

Now that your body is familiar with running motion, begin transitioning out of cycling and more into running. During the second month, move away from the cycling days by adding two extra days of running and removing two cycling days. Add distance to one run each week. This is called the "long run" or the "LSD," which is the initialism for long slow distance. The distances you run for the LSD day are determined by the distances you run during your normal training days. For example, if you are up to six miles for a normal run, go eight or nine miles, at a slower pace, for your LSD scheduled runs.

Third Month

You are now fully into the running schedule and should discontinue all but one cycling day. Use the cycling day per week as a slow, recovery period. Go slow and let the body heal. Your LSD runs are now up to nine or 10 miles consistently. A good example of the third month weekly schedule is three days of six to eight miles running, one day of slow cycling (around 45 minutes to an hour) and LSD runs between nine and 10 miles. For the last week, make the LSD day a simulated race day performance, going approximately 11 miles at your desired race pace. Take two days off after this day for body and muscle recovery. Proper recovery requires proper nutrition. After LSD runs, eat potassium-rich snacks like bananas along with a handful of nuts. The protein from the nuts helps the body process other nutrients and provides needed protein for healthy muscle cell recovery.

Race Month

This is the time to start the taper. Tapering is a reduction in workout distances and intensity. Begin the taper two weeks out from the race. Remove one run day per week, keeping the LSD runs. Cycle slowly twice over the course of three weeks, using the cycling sessions for recovery and muscle healing. Your final LSD run should be no more than two weeks before the race. For the week of the race, run twice only. You should feel agitated and like you are not getting enough exercise. The body functions best when tapered and hungry for exercise. There is a truism in running and endurance athletics; it is better to be 10 percent undertrained than 1 percent overtrained.

Talk With Your Doctor

Even though you have a solid foundation in cycling and fitness, discuss your goals with a doctor to ensure you do not overtax and harm yourself during the cycling to running transition. Talk about your age, typical daily diet, sleep patterns and any pre-existing medical conditions that may potentially affect your training or health.

Tags: from cycling, nine miles, along with, cycling days, fitness levels, into running

The History Of Nike Inc

The History of Nike, Inc.

Nike, Inc. is a United States sportswear and equipment manufacturer and supplier. A major sponsor of star athletes and sports teams throughout the world, Nike is well known for its "Just Do It" and Swoosh logo trademark.

The Seed: 1950s

Bill Bowerman, a track-and-field coach at the University of Oregon, began to make shoes for his runners, implementing his ideas for competitive advantage. A member of his track program, Phil Knight, approached him with a shoe sale, having been made a distributor for a company in Japan called Tiger, and both men decided to forge a partnership.

The Founding: 1960s

In 1964, Bowerman and Knight formed Blue Ribbon Sports, selling Tiger shoes out of Knight's vehicle. They did not just sell them, though; Bowerman began ripping the shoes apart to see how he could make them lighter and better in performance.

Morphing Into Nike: 1970s

Eventually, Blue Ribbon Sports grew from a footwear distributor to a designer and manufacturer of their own shoe brands. Thus came the "Swoosh" logo, the change of the company name from Blue Ribbon to Nike, and their debut line of footwear in 1972.

Growth: 1980s

The decade was marked by the debut of the "Just Do It" ads and popular shoe lines like the Air Max. Also, famous athletes like Carl Lewis, Michael Jordan and Bo Jackson endorsed Nike's products.

Further Growth: 1990s

Nike established its world headquarters in Portland, Oregon, where it had all began. Moreover, Nike's dedication to sponsorship grew beyond the more popular sports.

Global Leader: 2000s to Present

Nike is the brand most synonymous with sportswear. Today, it is the largest manufacturer and supplier in the world.

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Value Of Antique Bulova Watches

Antique or vintage Bulova watches are affordable timepieces for the beginning collector. Prices range from about $100 for 1930s and 1940s tank-style, or rectangular, watches to more than the $1,000 for electronic 1960s Accutrons.

History

The Bulova Watch Company was founded in 1875 to manufacture pocket watches. Wristwatches appeared during World War I. Ladies watches appeared in the mid-1920s.

Style

Bulova's most sought-after early watches are timepieces that feature finely engraved Art Deco and Art Nouveau touches on silver and gold-filled cases.

Early Bulova Valuations

Pre-1950s Bulovas featuring Arabic numerals and seconds-hand subdial can start at about $100 depending on the condition, with two-tone dials, cases featuring Art Deco designs and rose-gold cases selling for up to $800.

1950s Changes

The 1950s-era Bulovas transitioned from tank-style to round dials. Their timeless, understated dials remain contemporary for practical daily wear.

Postwar Pricing

The larger 32mm dials and contemporary styling of the postwar models boost prices upwards from $200 to $500.

Accutrons

The electronic Accutron is historically significant due to its technology, serving as a bridge between the mechanical and electronic movements in the 1960s. Some Accutrons command more than $1,000. The movement is the mechanism that runs the watch.

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What To Feed A Baby Pigeon

What to Feed a Baby Pigeon

The common pigeon can be found all over the planet congregating in parks and on sidewalks or roosting on a building ledge. Some people even raise them in coops. Having a baby pigeon around without a mother can be heartbreaking. Knowing feed the baby pigeon will help ensure a healthy bird.

Food

Pigeons eat a variety of seeds and berries and will eat beans and legumes on occasion. Baby pigeons, however, are fed by their parent's milk. This milk is not like human or regular dairy milk in nutrient quality, although it is white. There are several products on the market that replicate the nutritional value of pigeon milk including Kaytee Exact Baby Formula, Egg Food or a product called Chick Crumbs which must be soaked first in hot water for a half an hour then blended. After blending, any chunks will have to be removed with a sieve so that the consistency of milk is obtained. Pigeons do not open their mouths to feed, which can make giving them the milk difficult.

Young pigeon

When a pigeon is very young, it will need to be fed using syringe or a tube so that the milk reaches its crop. It is very important to understand the birds anatomy when feeding with a syringe. A bird has an esophagus that leads to the crop and a trachea, in front of the esophagus, which is the wind pipe. To feed the pigeon, the syringe must go back behind the trachea and into the esophagus. Wet the tubing of the syringe to ease the movement of it along the esophagus. Open the baby pigeon's mouth and look inside. At the front will be the trachea. Push the syringe tube towards the back of the throat and push down. Be very careful not to put the tube in the trachea as this may damage the wind pipe, and, if fluid is released from the syringe, it may drown the pigeon.

Buy a plastic feeding syringe and fit it with a flexible tube. Using a flexible tube will keep you from damaging the inside of the pigeon. A baby pigeon less that a week old will need to be fed with 2cc at a time. Make the mixture watery as well. Feed the baby 2cc every couple of hours. A baby should be fed between 6 and 20cc. Older pigeons will need 20 to 30cc.

Older Pigeon

Older pigeons will be able to swallow larger amounts of food but still will not open their mouths for feeding. At this point you can begin feeding the pigeon seeds that have been wet slightly. To feed the pigeon by hand, hold the pigeon and squeeze at the beak area gently. Do not squeeze at the throat as this will cut off their air supply. Gently press the food into the pigeon's mouth. Do small portions at a time to prevent choking.

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Why Is My Newly Seeded Lawn Turning Yellow

Yellow grass may be caused by a variety of factors.

Planting grass seeds is a painstaking, yet rewarding task. As you look upon your newly seeded lawn, you hope to see fresh blades of vibrant grass poking through the soil. Unfortunately, a variety of factors may cause your newly seeded lawn to turn yellow. Does this Spark an idea?

Lack of Water

If you are not watering your lawn frequently enough, the grass may become dry, weak and yellow. According to The-Lawn-Advisor.com, newly planted grass seed should be watered often enough that the soil is kept consistently moist. Once the grass seed has established itself in the yard, watering can be done less frequently (every two to five days, depending on the season).

Imbalanced Nutrients

Soil with imbalanced nutrients might also lead to the development of yellow grass. The most commonly imbalanced nutrients include a deficiency of iron or an excess of phosphorous. If this is the cause of your yellow grass, treat the problem by fertilizing the lawn with a product low in phosphorous.

Lawn Burn

Harsh chemicals, including insecticides, fertilizers and animal urine, can easily damage delicate grass seeds and blades. To prevent lawn burn, follow product instructions carefully. If possible, prevent animals from urinating on the lawn. Once the grass begins yellowing, combat it with frequent and heavy watering.

Grass Fungus

Unfortunately, grass fungus can attack your lawn at any time, and without any warning. According to AllAboutLawns.com, the "rust" grass fungus turns grass light green or yellow. It is often caused by heavy dew in a warm, moist climate. If you suspect this is the problem, use a nitrogen fertilizer and water the lawn frequently.

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The Best Way To Burn Fat While Keeping Muscle

The way to bulk up and gain muscle mass is to increase your caloric intake and lift heavy weights. Often times when you do this, you end up building muscle, but also gaining some fat. This is due to a caloric overload where you are not burning more than you are consuming. The best way to burn this fat while keeping your muscle starts at the dinner table.

Caloric Intake

The tried and true way to lose fat is by producing a caloric deficit. This can be done by burning more calories than you are taking in. But being that you want to maintain your muscle, you do not want to severely cut your caloric intake. Figure out how many calories you are eating in a single day and reduce it by 250 calories. Now divide that number by six and eat six meals a day at this amount of calories. Eating multiple meals will help increase your metabolism and it will also prevent your muscle tissue from getting broken down, which is what happens when you go long periods without eating.

Clean Sources

The sources of the calories you eat are also important. Avoid any foods that are calorie-dense and lack any real nutrients. Even if they are eaten in small amounts, they still don't stack up to more nutrient-dense foods. Eat lean meats, low-fat dairy products, fruits, vegetables, seeds, nuts, fish, whole grains and beans. These foods are good sources of protein, carbs, healthy fats, fiber, vitamins and minerals. Also make sure that your meals have a balance of protein and carbs in them.

Weight Lifting

Increasing the intensity of your weight training routines can increase your caloric expenditure and help you burn more fat. For example, instead of taking 2- to 4-minute rest periods in between your sets, cut the breaks down to 45 to 60 seconds. Or, perform active recovery in between your sets instead of just standing around. Jump rope, do some step-ups on a bench, do jumping jacks or just walk around the gym floor at a fast pace. In order to do this, you may have to cut back on your weights slightly being that you are going to be a little more taxed.

Cardio

Cardiovascular exercise is another must when it comes to burning fat. Perform cardio exercises such as running, biking, stair stepping, elliptical training or rowing three times a week on alternating days. As opposed to the normal 60-minute sessions that are often done to lose a lot of weight, stick to 30 minutes of high-intensity exercise instead. An example of this would be interval training where you alternate back and forth between high and low intensities.

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What To Take For Severe Leg Cramps

A severe cramp in the leg is caused by a muscle spasm and is commonly referred to as a charlie horse. A person usually gets a charlie horse in the muscles in the leg like the calf, hamstring or quadriceps. These can be very painful.

Causes

Severe cramping can be caused by dehydration. You may also get muscle spasms when a muscle has been overused or is injured. Deficiencies in potassium and calcium can also cause muscle cramping. Irritation in the muscles can cause pain and cramping as well.

What to Take

Consuming one tablespoon of mustard is said to cure severe cramping immediately. Also keep a silver spoon next to your bed to apply to the cramped muscle to provide instant relief.

Other Remedies

Being dehydrated often causes muscle spasms. Make sure you are consuming 6 to 8 glasses of water daily to help prevent cramps. Tumeric and St. John's wort also seems to help in preventing severe muscle cramps. Potassium and calcium supplements can help to reduce the occurrence of severe muscle spasms. Also decrease the amount of sugar and caffeine in your diet. Other important vitamins and minerals that will help reduce muscle cramping are vitamin A, vitamin E and magnesium.

To Help Prevent Cramping

Keep bedsheets loose. If your sheets are tucked in tightly, this can cause your toes to point and the muscles in your legs to involuntarily contract, causing a muscle spasm. Doing water exercises can lightly work these muscles without overexerting them.

Tags: muscle spasms, charlie horse, help reduce, muscle cramping, muscle spasm

Types Of Pigeon Feed

Pigeons can eat a wide variety of nuts and grains. Feeding a wide variety of foods to pigeons helps them to maintain good health.

Pelleted Diets

Pelleted pigeon diets should make up the staple of any pigeon feeding regimen and can include any number of ingredients to make up well-balanced nutrition.

Seeds

Seeds should be supplemented into a pigeon's diet. Seeds including barley, linseed, sunflower, safflower, corn, green peas and canary seeds are all acceptable.

Vegetables

Pigeons also benefit from supplementation with fresh greens, such as endive, chickweed, watercress and spinach.

Fruits

Fruits that are beneficial for pigeons include berries, apples and pears.

Vitamin and Mineral Supplements

Vitamin and mineral supplements should be added to any diet to ensure proper nutrition. Basic supplements include calcium, grit and gravel, and commercially prepared vitamin supplements that can be added to water.

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Things That Represent The Greek God Zeus

Zeus is the supreme ruler of other Greek gods.

In Greek myth, Zeus is known as the sky god, but he was also known as Mount Olympus' supreme ruler. In addition, Zeus was also the supreme ruler of all the other Greek goddesses and gods in the Olympian pantheon. Zeus and the rest of the Olympian gods took power from his father Cronos. As the supreme god on Mount Olympus, Zeus is represented by certain symbols.

Thunderbolt

The thunderbolt is one of the things that represent the Greek god Zeus. From his throne on Mount Olympus, Zeus reigned through the use of the thunderbolts. His thunderbolts are actually a gift from the Cyclopes, according to Greek myth. Zeus permitted the Cyclopes to remain on Mount Olympus as his personal armorers, this being their reward for creating the thunderbolts for him in the first place. As the supreme god on Mount Olympus, Zeus was challenged by no one, or else he would unleash his thunderbolts to maintain order.

White Bull

The white bull is another of the symbols that represent the Greek god Zeus. The use of the white bull to represent Zeus is evident in the myth of Europa. Europa was King Agenor of Sidon's daughter; the continent of Europe was named after her. In Greek myth, Zeus takes on the shape of a white bull that was more attractive than others and had a flowery scent. When Europa got on the bull's back after it laid down in front of her, Zeus abducted her by taking off with her into the sea. He brought her to Crete, where he promised she would bear him numerous sons.

Eagle

The eagle's power represented Zeus.

As a symbol that represents royalty, power and a father, the eagle became yet another thing that represented Zeus. As head god, Zeus was the royal father to numerous goddesses and gods on Mount Olympus. Since the eagle is frequently represented in glorious sunlight, it is regarded as an animal that, like Zeus, is courageous, pure and also good. Eagles have a reputation for their sharp vision, and this is a parallel to Zeus because he is viewed as the eye of the gods who leads them.

Oak

The oak tree's strength symbolized Zeus' protective powers.

Zeus is represented by the oak because of its strong qualities. Since oak is regarded as a quite strong material, it has become synonymous with qualities of stability as well as protection. This carries over to Zeus, who was known as the god who watched over the other gods in Mount Olympus and protected them, too. The quality of protection also relates to Zeus since he is known as a god who protected humans against the enemy when war would break out.

Tags: Mount Olympus, Greek myth, Greek myth Zeus, Greek Zeus, Mount Olympus Zeus

Types Of Women'S Tops

Types of Women's Tops

Choose the right style of women's tops to accentuate your positives and draw attention away from less flattering areas. Different features of women's tops will look better on you than others depending on your own body features, so take the time to try on a variety and get objective opinions on which look best on you.

Types

Blouses, tunics, empires, sweaters, t-shirts, and camisoles are common types of women tops. The differences are found in sleeve length, collar type, neckline and cut.

Sleeve Length

Sleeves of blouses, sweaters and t-shirts can be long, three-quarter length, short, or capped. Long sleeves stop at the wrist. Three-quarter length tops end midway between the elbow and the wrist. Short-sleeves stop at the bicep. Cap sleeves never fall beyond the armpit.

As the name suggests, a sleeveless top, such as a camisole or a halter top, has no sleeves. Straps are most often used instead. Tube tops, however, are sleeveless and strapless and kept in place with the help of elastic sewn in at the top of the garment.

Collar Types

Collars placed on a woman's top either stand up or lay flat. Straight collars are considered to be more formal than rounded collars, which hint at playfulness.

Necklines

Tops without collars are grouped according to necklines. The most common necklines include crew necks, v-necks and scoop necks. V-necks and scoop necks typically create the illusion of a longer silhouette.

Cuts

Cut refers to the top's shape. Some tops are boxy and loose-fitting and have straight seams running from the armpit to the hem. Form-fitting tops have princess seams. Trapeze-shaped cuts, which are seen in many empire tops, are loose-fitting and flare out at the bottom.

Considerations

Body type dictates what style of top is best for you. Always consider cut and fabric. Tops with a straight cut flatter most body types. Princess seams create the illusion of an hour-glass silhouette. Clingy fabrics reveal imperfections.

Tags: create illusion, scoop necks, sweaters t-shirts, Types Women Tops

What Are The Benefits Of A Prostate Massage

Prostate massage is claimed by some to be a healthy activity that can have a profound impact on the function of a man's prostate, the health of his reproductive system and his overall sex life.

Regular Ejaculation

Massaging the prostate promotes relaxation and, in turn, regular ejaculation. Regular ejaculation has a number of healthy, non-sexual benefits. The stimulation of the prostate gland promotes the production of fluid in the prostate and brings fresh blood flow to the pelvic area. This fresh blood flow will bring oxygen and nutrients, allowing for healthier cell function within the prostate and the surrounding area.

Improved Erectile Function

Many men experience chronic constriction in the area of the pelvis. This constriction, again, decreases blood flow to the area and to the penis itself. Massaging the prostate and the perineum will relax the pelvic muscles and allow better blood flow to the area.

Relief of Pain and Swelling from Prostatitis

Prostatitis is a condition in which bacteria grows in the acini sacs within the prostate gland itself. The bacteria causes the prostate gland to become swollen and, in some cases painful. In many cases the bacteria can shed itself from the prostate gland, but if the prostate swells, the acini close and the bacteria becomes trapped, causing additional pain, swelling and urinary problems. Gentle prostate massage ensures that fresh blood flow is brought to the acini sacs, allowing them to flush and prevent bacteria from remaining trapped inside.

Impotence

Many men suffering from impotence find that regular prostate massages help to return them to normal sexual function. While sexual impotence can be caused by muscular constriction, as mentioned above, it can also be caused by past neglects or abuses (physical or nonphysical). Regular prostate massage will increase seminal fluids and can, over time, help a man to overcome impotence issues.

Medical Warnings Concerning Prostate Massage

The prostate gland is a very delicate organ and should be treated with care at all times. While there are not many studies regarding the benefits of prostate massage, many doctors believe that the technique may be helpful for a variety of medical conditions. It is, however, important to discuss the technique and your need for it with your physician before attempting it on your own. He will be able to help you determine if the benefits of prostate massage apply to your particular condition.

Tags: blood flow, prostate gland, fresh blood, fresh blood flow, prostate massage, acini sacs

What Are Epo Shots

Synthetic EPO is injected into a person.

EPO or erythropoietin is a hormone that is injected into people who have anemia or a low red blood count so that they can make more red blood cells. People who have kidney disease often develop anemia since EPO is made almost exclusively by the kidneys. Prior to the development of a synthetic version of EPO which can be injected into patients, people with kidney diseases had to receive blood transfusions in order to combat their anemia. Synthetic EPO is called recombinant human erythropoietin and is virtually identical to the natural hormone produced by a human being.

EPO Injections

EPO is usually injected into a vein.

Kidney disease patients are injected intravenously or subcutaneously (under the skin) with EPO during dialysis. Dialysis is a process by which the blood is filtered to remove waste products. EPO can be given by the nurse or patients may learn inject themselves. EPO injections are given until the person no longer needs dialysis or is able to acquire a new kidney which will then be able to produce natural EPO.

Costs

EPO shots are expensive.

The cost of an EPO injection is high although it does depend on how much EPO the patient needs. According to the National Kidney Foundation, it is estimated that the annual cost of EPO is about $5,000, although Medicare does pay part of the costs for those patients on dialysis. Insurance companies may reimburse part of the costs.

Dosage

EPO shots keep the hematocrit in kidney patients stable.

Patients with a hematocrit or red blood count of less than 30 percent require EPO shots and the dosage varies. According to the National Kidney Foundation, most patients require between 25 to 125 Units of EPO per kilogram (2.2 lbs.) of body weight, three times a week. The dosage is often reduced when the red blood cell count becomes stable but can be increased again if the hematocrit dips.

Blood Doping

EPO shots made an illegal entry into the world of sports when athletes discovered that by injecting themselves with this substance they could increase their red blood cell count. This increase in red blood cells or blood doping can improve an athlete's performance tremendously especially during sports that require a lot of stamina. It is difficult to test whether an athlete has been injected with EPO so sports governing agencies now check to see whether an athlete's hematocrit is too high. This gives some indication that the athlete might have participated in blood doping.

Tags: injected into, According National, According National Kidney, blood cell, blood cell count, blood cells, blood count

Weed Killers That Are Not Harmful To Animals

There are many safe weed killers to use around animals.

Weeds are a relentless lawn and garden nuisance. There are many effective weed killers, but they generally contain harmful chemicals not safe to use around animals or even other plants. Fortunately, safe weed killers do exist and many are found within your home. Does this Spark an idea?

Check the Label

Some weed killer products indicate on the label if they're safe to use around children or animals. If they're not safe to use around children, don't use them around animals. Look for organic weed killer products, as they're made with natural products that are safe to use around animals.

Cleaning Products

Certain household cleaners make excellent weed killers that are safe for use around animals. Mix a spray bottle with 50 percent bleach and 50 percent water and spray the mixture on the weeds. Be careful not to get the mixture on your grass or garden plants, as it will kill them, too. Fifty percent dish soap mixed with 50 percent water in a spray bottle is another effective and safe weed killer.

Cooking Products

Various products found in your kitchen cabinets are safe and effective weed killers. Fill up a spray bottle with vinegar and apply it to the weeds. You may need to apply it several times to kill the weeds, depending on their size and abundance. Sprinkle salt in the soil around the base of the weeds. This method is especially effective around driveways and walkways. Although it doesn't affect pre-existing plants, corn meal is effective at killing plants before their seeds even germinate.

Safest Weed Killer

Although time-consuming, the safest way to kill weeds on your property is to remove them the old-fashioned way -- by hand. A pair of gloves and a trash bag is all you need to remove weeds completely, without harming animals.

Tags: around animals, safe around, weed killers, safe around animals, safe weed

Which Weight Training Method Is Best For Basketball

The biggest misconception about weight training is that you just show up and start pumping iron. Not true and way out of line. There are several different methods and techniques to weight lifting. Each method is selected based on what you want to get out of the exercises. For basketball players, speed and explosion are vital.

Low Weight/High Reps

It's not all about what you can lift. There is a time and a place for that, but right now you need to focus on the speed aspect of basketball. You'll improve speed with endurance when you do low weight at maximum reps. Every exercise should start around 15-20 reps. Do the second set around 12-15 reps. The third set target range is 8-12 reps. Focus on 4-6 exercises each day.

Explosion

Work on improving your explosive ability which will help improve speed, agility, and jumping ability. Start with a light warm up of two laps jogging and 100 jump ropes, and 15 push-ups. Do three sets of clean press to warm up the arms. Move to four sets of power clean. Move to two sets of squats. Switch up the tempo with five sets of crunches or sit-ups (either on a machine or free-form on the floor). Finish with four sets of toe raises.

Speed/Endurance

These workouts are all about endurance and improving strength when you are tired. Four sets of bench press, followed by four sets of squats, and four sets of power clean. Do four sets of 20 reps both for elevated push-ups and sit-ups. Get on the jump rope and do 200 reps. Move to curls, doing full body curls and half curl raises with a long bar. Finish with a couple light sets of toe raises.

Tags: four sets, Finish with, four sets power, improve speed, power clean, sets power

The Best Ways To Propose In A Movie Or Film

Search the silver screen for romantic ways to propose to your beloved.

Every woman dreams of the day when her significant other will propose. When that day comes, she will cherish the memory forever. Make the day even more special by popping the question in a unique way. Some of the best marriage proposals have been done on film. Use these famous movie proposal scenes as inspiration to make your proposal truly memorable. Does this Spark an idea?

Sweet Home Alabama

What better way to pop the question than by taking your beloved to a jewelry store full of diamond rings and telling her to pick one? That's exactly how Andrew, played by Patrick Dempsey, proposed to Melanie, played by Reese Witherspoon, in Sweet Home Alabama. In the middle of the Tiffany store, surrounded by diamond rings, he got down on one knee and told his beloved to pick whichever one she wanted. Why not try this on the special woman in your life? It worked for Patrick.

Stepmom

The proposal in Stepmom, starring Julia Roberts and Ed Harris, is simple yet touching and definitely memorable. Imagine waking your beloved from her sleep with a gentle good morning kiss. In your hand, you hold a ring box, but inside, instead of a diamond ring, she finds a spool of thread. Tie the thread around her ring finger, signifying the ties that are not meant to be broken. Then slide the ring down the thread and onto her finger.

Walk the Line

If you can hold a tune, the singing duet proposal from Walk the Line, may be a perfect way to pop the question. Johnny Cash, played by Joaquin Phoenix, proposes to June Carter, played by Reese Witherspoon, during an onstage duet. After telling him that he can only talk to her when they are on stage, Johnny surprises her by asking for her hand in marriage during the middle of their song. He refuses to finish the song until she says yes.

Tags: your beloved, diamond rings, Home Alabama, played Reese, played Reese Witherspoon, Reese Witherspoon, Sweet Home

The Best Socks For Long Distance Running

Wearing the correct socks can improve the quality of a long run.

Long distance running can be hard on the entire body, but your feet take an extra beating. Wearing reliable, quality socks will keep your feet feeling fresh. The material is one of several things to keep in mind when choosing socks for a long run.

Synthetic Blends

Synthetic blend socks are quick-drying, form-fitting and tough. Nylon and Lycra socks will stay snug on your feet. Thermastat and CoolMax are polyester brands that keep the feet dry and prevent rubbing, which causes blisters.

Wool Blends

Wool blend socks offer many benefits. When blended with synthetics, such as nylon, wool socks maintain their shape and wick sweat away well. Merino wool is the softest wool and will keep your feet warmer than synthetic alone.

Cotton Blends

Wearing baggy cotton socks on a long run will leave your feet aching.

Cotton socks are not recommended for long runs, because pure cotton does not wick away sweat quickly. A cotton synthetic sock will suffice on shorter runs.

Sock Features

When choosing socks for a long run, look for extra padding in the heel and on the ball of the foot. If you experience arch pain, switch to socks that have more elastic around the arch for extra support. Finally, try socks on with your running shoes to make sure they fit.

Tags: your feet, socks long, blend socks, choosing socks, choosing socks long, keep your, keep your feet

Treatment For A Pinched Nerve

A pinched nerve is damage or compression to a nerve or nerve root from bone, tendons or muscles. A pinched nerve can happen anyplace in the body--from a herniated disk in your back to compressed nerves in your wrist--with varying degrees of severity, and different treatments offered.

Causes

A herniated spinal disk is bone or cartilage putting pressure on a spinal nerve. Compression from swollen tendons or enlarged bone will pinch nerves in the wrist. Sports, injury, poor posture, repetitive movements from your job or hobby, osteoarthritis and obesity are some causes of pinched nerves.

Symptoms

Pinched nerve symptoms include numbness, muscle weakness, tingling and a pins-and-needles feeling in the affected area. These symptoms may become worse at night. A pinched nerve in the neck will have symptoms of neck pain and stiffness, with these sensations running down your arm. A pinched nerve in the back may include symptoms of back pain or numbness running down one leg. A pinched nerve in the wrist will exhibit signs of weakness in the thumb, index and middle fingers.

Diagnosis

When a pinched nerve is suspected, your doctor will perform a nerve conduction study. This procedure involves electrodes placed on your skin to stimulate the nerve with a small electrical impulse. The test will tell your doctor if the nerve is damaged. Electromyography measures electrical discharges produced from your muscles. A thin needle is inserted into your muscle in order to record electrical activity as you contract and rest your muscle. An MRI may be performed to check for nerve root compression in your spine.

Treatment

Rest is normally recommended for the affected area. A splint or brace may help support a pinched nerve in the elbow or wrist. Physical therapy can help you strengthen and stretch muscles in the affected area to relieve pressure on the nerve. Anti-inflammatory drugs such as Aleve and Advil can relieve pain and inflammation. When the pain is severe, your doctor may prescribe a prescription anti-inflammatory. Corticosteroid injections may be given to alleviate inflammation surrounding the pinched nerve.

Surgery

When other treatments fail, surgery may be an option. The surgery will vary depending on the affected nerve. Surgery for a herniated disk may involve removal of part of the disk or bone spurs affecting the nerve. Surgery on the wrist or elbow might entail cutting a ligament to allow more room for the nerve.

Prevention/Solution

Maintain a healthy weight and good posture to keep unnecessary pressure off nerves. Try to limit repetitive movements by taking breaks, and add stretching exercises to your daily routine.

Tags: pinched nerve, affected area, nerve Surgery, your doctor, disk bone, from your

What Is The Lowest Body Fat Percentage You Can Have

Body fat percentages measure your body composition, taking into account not only your weight but the percentage of weight that is made up of fat. Because lean muscle takes up less space, those with low body fat have a tighter, more toned look. Body builders and fitness competitors strive for extremely low levels of body fat to make their muscles appear more defined. For the general population, healthy body fat levels help keep the metabolism revved and reduce the risk for diabetes, cancer and heart disease. The body needs some fat cells, however--so how low is too low?

Ideal Levels

Male body fat should not dip below five percent, and females should not drop below 12 percent. On rare occasions, lower body fat may be achieved (say, for a body building competition) but should not be maintained for the long term. To achieve low levels of body fat, careful attention must be paid to macronutrient intake, hydration, exercise timing and food sources.

The average healthy person's body fat runs around 15 to 18 percent for men and 22 to 25 percent for women. Competitive male athletes usually possess about 8 to 12 percent body fat, and female athletes around 14 to 18 percent. Genetics, diet, age, body type, metabolism and activity level all affect your body fat levels.

Women will always have higher body fat percentages than men because of hormone levels and the need for extra energy stores for childbearing.

Measuring Body Fat

There are many ways to measure body fat. Accuracy of the methods vary, and are subject to the skill level of the individual conducting the test. Home body scales are notoriously inaccurate, while the ideal methods of hydrostatic (water) weighing and Dexa scans are expensive and not readily available. A certified personal trainer may perform a skin fold caliper test, the results of which can be relatively accurate. Specific mathematical formulas using your body measurements offer a rough estimate of your body fat levels. If you are preparing for a bodybuilding competition and the precise number is important to you, seek out a reliable professional to conduct your test.

Benefits of Low Body Fat

A healthy body fat level contributes to your overall health. Men over 25 percent body fat and women over 30 percent are considered obese and at risk for a myriad of health problems. Muscles pop when your body fat is lower--which is why low body fat is an asset for body builders. A six pack for men shows up at around 8 to 12 percent body fat.

Muscle uses more energy at rest than does fat, so those with lower body fat burn calories more efficiently--contributing to an ability to maintain their weight. Lower body fat levels improve sports performance. Excess body fat reduces speed, agility, endurance and movement efficiency.

Too Low

Although low body fat levels are desirable, it is possible to go too low. Body fat is essentially stored energy, so when a person loses all their body fat, gym performance and overall activity levels will decline. Fat also helps insulate the body, so extremely low body fat levels make you intolerant to cold temperatures. Body fat pads the internal organs. Fat cells absorb and store the fat soluable vitamins A, D, E and K. Fat cells also play a role in the endocrine system, helping to regulate hormones and insulin response. Women whose body fat levels drop too low usually suffer from amenorrhea and infertility.

Obtaining Optimal Levels

Although a reduced calorie diet alone may help you drop pounds, it will most likely cannibalize your lean muscle mass, and you will not see a big change in your body fat percentage. Combine exercise (both aerobic and resistance training) with a healthy diet to lose body fat. Strive for the loss of only one or two pounds per week to maximize fat loss. As you reach lower and lower levels, the speed of weight loss slows. Remember, to reduce your body fat, you still need some fat in your diet to remain healthy.

Tags: body levels, your body, around percent, percent body, healthy body

What Should I Do If My Dog Eats Weed Killer

What Should I Do If My Dog Eats Weed Killer?

If your dog eats weed killer accidentally, you know instinctively that there's not a lot of time if you want to make sure he's OK. You should of course call your dog's vet, but you might want to try to do what you can for your dog first. With a case of poisoning, time is of the essence if you want to save your dog's life.

What to Do

Weed killers, also called herbicides, fall into the group of ingestible poisons that require you to induce vomiting in order to save your dog's life. Not all poisons fall into this category, because some can do extreme damage coming up. In the case of weed killer, however, it is essential to get it out of your dog's system as quickly as possible.

To do this, you should have some syrup of ipecac on hand so that you are ready in the event of an emergency. If your dog ingests weed killer, give her 2 to 3 tsp. of syrup of ipecac by mouth in a single dose. Your amount will vary depending on your dog's size, and as an extra efficiency measure, try to remember that 3 tsp. is equal to 1 tbsp.

After you have given your dog the ipecac and he has vomited, mix some activated charcoal with some water to create a mixture somewhere between a paste and a pudding. Use 1 tsp. for dogs that weigh under 25 pounds and use 2 tsp. for dogs that weigh over 25 pounds. Your dog should ingest this mixture as soon as possible after the vomiting has subsided. The activated charcoal will help to filter the poisons out of your dog's system.

If Your Dog Does Not Vomit

Some dogs might have stronger stomachs than others, and your dog might not necessarily end up vomiting even after being given the syrup of ipecac. If that is the case, you will have no choice but to go to an emergency vet. Call them, explain the situation and rush your dog to that vet immediately. It is possible that the vet to whom you take your dog might administer other substances in order to induce vomiting, such as Apomorphine. Make sure to tell the vet what you have already given your dog so that he can plan your dog's course of treatment accordingly.

Animal Poison Control Center

For additional advice when you are in this type of crisis, call the National Animal Poison Control Center. Their number is toll free from anywhere in the United States, and is (888) 426-4435. Be aware that consultation via this hotline requires a fee. As of January 2010, your credit card will be charged $65 for this service.

Tags: syrup ipecac, your might, activated charcoal, Animal Poison, Animal Poison Control, Control Center, dogs that

What Is Pace Insurance

PACE helps make prescription medications more affordable to older Pennsylvanians.

PACE and PACENET are prescription benefit plans offered to Pennsylvania residents ages 65 and older. Individuals are eligible to apply for this prescription coverage if they do not qualify for prescription drug assistance under the Medicaid program. They also must have been a Pennsylvania resident for at least 90 days before submitting a PACE application.

What It Means

PACE is a Pennsylvania assistance program for qualifying older adults. The Pharmaceutical Assistance Contract for the Elderly, or PACE, and the PACE Needs Enhancement Tier program make low-cost prescription medications available to seniors with minimal co-payments. Coverage for eligible program participants extends to both generic and name brand pharmaceutical drugs.

PACE Eligibility Requirements

When determining eligibility income requirements apply. In 2011, applicants who are single must have a total annual income less than $14,500. If you are married, your total combined annual income cannot exceed $17,700. Qualifying applicants pay up to a $6 co-payment for generic prescription drugs and a $9 co-payment for brand name drugs. PACE will also pay your Medicare co-payments and Medicare Part D premium if you enroll in a partner plan. Income for PACE purposes includes Social Security payments, SSI, Railroad Retirement, employer pensions, interest and dividends, veteran disability payments, taxable IRAs and annuities, wages, unemployment, net rental income and life insurance benefits over $10,000. Assets are not figured into the income-limit equation.

PACENET Eligibility Requirements

Applicants who are single with a total annual income between $14,500 and $23,500 may qualify for PACENET. The combined annual income for married applicants must be between $17,700 and $31,500. The co-payment for generic drugs costs no more than $8 for each prescription and $15 for brand name drugs. PACENET charges a monthly deductible if you do not also enroll in a Medicare Part D plan. As with PACE, you report the previous year's income on your application.

Medicare Part D

You can enroll in PACE and other prescription plans at the same time. The prescription benefits offered through the PACE/PACENET program are comparable to the prescription coverage offered through Medicare Part D. Eligible recipients are encouraged to enroll in both PACE and Medicare Part D to save money when buying prescription medications. If you are enrolled in PACE and fail to select a Medicare Part D provider on your own, PACE will automatically enroll you in a plan of its choice. Enrollment in a Medicare Part D plan saves both the health consumer and the PACE program money. PACE reviews an enrollee's Medicare Part D coverage each year.

Tags: Medicare Part, annual income, prescription medications, brand name, brand name drugs, combined annual

What Is The Difference Between Cultural Diversity & Natural Diversity

Cultural diversity means a number of cultures are represented within an area.

The word "diversity" is used to describe variety or dissimilarity in a group. There are many forms of diversity, however, two of which are cultural diversity and natural diversity, which is more commonly referred to as "biodiversity." While biodiversity describes variety in nature, such as a region with a wide variety of plant life, cultural diversity refers to the variety of cultural groups in a specific setting.

Biodiversity

In nature, biodiversity refers to an ecosystem having a wide variety of plant and animal life. A region that is naturally diverse has many advantages, since having a number of different species tends to promote healthy populations and discourage overfeeding. For example, a region that has many types of plants that support a number of animal species is optimal because no single part of this system becomes overburdened as a food source, and various creatures and plants are able to supply nutrients that the others need.

Practical Application of Biodiversity

Because natural diversity enriches an ecosystem, people who cultivate traditional and organic farms will often plant based on principles of biodiversity. The practice of crop rotation, for example, is an example of a practical application of biodiversity: farmers plant corn one year, which depletes nitrogen from the soil, so the next year, they plant soybeans or other crops in that area that will introduce more nitrogen to the system, creating a sustainable and diverse system.

Cultural Diversity

Cultural diversity refers to the number of cultures represented in a given area. For example, in a country like the United States, there is a great deal of cultural diversity because of the nation's history of immigration: When people migrated to the United States, they brought their cultures -- including food, language, religion and holidays -- with them, and many of these aspects of culture flourished first in immigrant communities, and then in the culture as a whole.

Cultural Diversity and Globalization

Because cultural diversity brings many benefits to society, including learning between cultures and innovations that arise from combining aspects of multiple cultures, some people are concerned that the growing influence of globalization is negatively affecting cultural diversity. For example, some researchers have suggested that the spread of fast food to nations with rich culinary heritages might have a negative impact on those traditions and the way citizens of those nations eat and live. Emory University's globalization website lists both positive and negative effects of globalization on cultural diversity.

Tags: cultural diversity, cultures represented, diversity refers, number cultures, number cultures represented, region that, United States

The Things To Know For A Triathalon

Swimming is the first triathlon discipline

A triathlon is a multi-discipline event involving a continuous race over a set distance incorporating swimming, cycling and running. The standard Olympic distance includes a 1500m swim, 40km cycle, ending with a 10km run. Shorter "sprint" triathlons are popular among novices, with the serious "iron-man" triathlon involving a 3.8km swim, 180km cycle and 42km run available for more hardcore athletes.

Training

Triathlons are cardiovascular events and your training should reflect this. Regular endurance training across all three disciplines is important to improve your fitness end efficiency. Training should always be carried out on your race bike and swimming sessions should be done in open water whenever possible. Be sure to practice your transitions as these can save you vital time during races. Training with a partner will boost your motivation and provide a competitive edge to push you harder. Allow adequate rest between training sessions to prevent over-training and fatigue.

Nutrition

During your training phases, tailor your diet accordingly. To cater to the increase of physical activity, make sure your body is adequately fueled with carbohydrates. Complex carbohydrates such as brown rice and wholegrain breads and cereals provide a slower releasing and sustained source of energy and should be favored over refined sugars and processed foods. Proteins are essential for tissue maintenance and repair and fruits and vegetables will supply the vitamins and minerals required to help your body function optimally. During the race, it is advisable to consume an energy drink or gel pack to provide your body with an easily processable source of glucose.

Equipment

Having the right equipment can improve performance, reduce transition time and greatly increase comfort during your race. Make sure your essential equiment -- goggles, wetsuit, bicycle and helmet are well fitted and comfortable.

Shoes that can be worn for both cycling and running disciplines are essential. Sprinkling shoes and socks with baby powder will increase comfort and make them easier to slip on following the swim. Wear a lycra suit under your wetsuit to prevent chaffing and save you time at the first transition. Wearing sport-specific sunglasses during the cycling and running stages will keep insects out of your eyes and reduce road glare.

Tactics

Many novice triathletes set out too quick, underestimating the difficulty of the swim-stage and end-up hitting the wall mid-way through the cycling stage. If you are relatively new to the sport, and yet to find your body's limitations, starting out slow is always a good option. Don't try anything new on race day -- stick to strategies developed through your training.

Tags: your body, cycling running, your training, increase comfort, sure your, your race

Work Ethics 101

Adopt good work ethics at your business.

Knowing right from wrong and having an ability to demonstrate integrity and honesty in the workplace are necessary qualities for anyone who wants to succeed professionally. Whether your business is a downtown office or a one-room home-based business, you want to learn prioritize your actions, so you bring the greatest good to your organization. Learning work ethics is moderately easy.

Instructions

1. Demonstrate honesty in your communications and behaviors. Be honest about your abilities and own up to mistakes as promptly possible. Honesty at work is paramount to good ethics.

2. Arrive on time and comply with deadlines. Whether you work individually or within a team, show accountability to fellow workers and management by being on time and finishing projects as requested.

3. Work to the best of your ability and avoid diminishing work performance as a result of boredom. Strive to meet company goals and maintain a consistent level of performance. You don't want to be the weakest chain in the link. As a side note: Participate in work-sponsored activities to resist boredom and improve performance.

4. Seek a mentor to learn new skills and competencies. Rather than whine about job dissatisfaction, seek opportunities for advancement. Work is not the place to complain about a lack of opportunities.

5. Support company culture. Build strong relationships with co-workers by complying with company rules and supporting the overarching culture of the organization. You want to be a positive force at work, not a negative one.

Tags: work ethics, your business

What Causes Stomach Cramps While Running

What Causes Stomach Cramps While Running?

Bouncing Motion

The stomach cramps or side stitches you may experience while running can be caused by the excessive bouncing that your organs experience mid-run. As you switch from foot to foot while running, the organs inside your abdominal walls, including your stomach, liver and spleen, are bounced around. The motion can cause organs and tissue to stretch and compact, causing pain. This pain is typically felt either in the pit of your stomach or on the sides of your abdomens.

Dehydration

There are many side effects that your body may experience if you are dehydrated. These side effects can be compounded if you are also engaging in rigorous exercise while dehydrated. One side effect of running while dehydrated is stomach cramps. The effects of dehydration can be made even worse if you are running long distances or are running in extreme weather. To stay hydrated be sure to drink at least 16 ounces of water during the day before you begin your run, and another 4 to 8 ounces one hour before your run. Drink another 6 to 8 ounces of water for every 20 minutes you run.

Inadequate Salt Intake

If you sweat excessively while you run or if your diet is simply low in salt, you may be salt deficient. This can cause, among other things, stomach cramps while running. Oddly enough, drinking too much water before a run can throw off your salt level, leading to stomach cramps. So even though you must stay adequately hydrated to prevent dehydration during running, you must also ensure that you get an adequate amount of salt in your diet. Adding small amounts of salt, approximately one-quarter to one-half a teaspoon, to your water can help, as can drinking sports drinks that are packed with electrolytes. You can also eat pretzels or other low-calorie salty foods to keep your salt intake up. Just note that you should refrain from eating these items right before your run as they can dry the mouth out and stimulate thirst.

Tags: stomach cramps, another ounces, before your, Causes Stomach, Causes Stomach Cramps, Cramps While Running

The Qualifications For A Process Server In New York

Currently, as of 2011, the qualifications to be a process server in New York are a subject of great debate. Prior to 2010, there were no educational, training or licensing requirements for process servers in New York. However, within the last couple of years New York City has created strict requirements for process servers, and other areas of New York State are contemplating adopting these requirements as well.

Job Duties

Process servers are in charge of serving legal documents to parties who have been sued in court. Although the job does not require a great deal of skill, several states have specific licensing and education requirements. In New York, the professional requirements for process servers have been hotly disputed. The New York State Professional Process Server Association has been contesting the newly proposed requirements for process servers.

New York City Requirements

In New York City, you must apply for a license in order to be a process server. Attorneys are exempt from the license requirement, so if you are licensed to practice law you may also perform process server duties. If you are not licensed to practice law you will need to apply for a process server license. This will require passing an exam, proof of bond, maintenance of records in accordance with the city's rules and carrying an electronic recording device that complies with New York City's requirements. The term of the license is two years, and applicants may apply online.

State-Wide Requirements

Currently there are no state-wide requirements for process servers. If you intend to be a process server outside of New York City you will not need to take a test or apply for a special license. However, due to the strict requirements being imposed by New York City, it is possible that state-wide process server requirements may be implemented in the future.

Changes to Requirements

The proposed changes would force process servers to carry GPS tracking devices. As of early 2011 the systems have not been implemented, but it appears as though they will be implemented in the near future. It is important that process servers comply with all New York City rules as failure to do so could cause major legal problems for the party you are serving papers on behalf of.

Tags: York City, requirements process, requirements process servers, process server, process servers

Tips For Getting Ready To Give Birth

Exercise is one way to get ready to give birth.

Preparing for the birth of a baby can be an overwhelming experience for a new mother. Chances are, you have heard many stories of women who were not ready for the arrival of their baby. However, there are several things you can do as an expectant mother to prepare for labor, delivery and the arrival of your new bundle of joy.

Pack a Bag Early

Every expectant mother should have their hospital bag packed early, at least one month in advance to prevent forgetting anything, if you are rushing around at the last minute. Pack your bag with essentials, such as clean underwear and pajamas, toiletries, magazines and a warm robe and socks. While you might be provided these things at your hospital or birthing center, it is nice to have your own things to wear and use. Don't forget to bring an outfit to take the baby home in as well: Most hospitals provide gowns for your new baby during the hospital stay.

Take a Childbirth Class

You might think a childbirth class is nothing more than learning about breathing exercises, but many classes today offer much more. Most classes take place at your birthing center or hospital, so you are given a tour of the labor and delivery area. You will learn about pain options during childbirth, relax and breath and can ask questions regarding the birthing process. Many classes will separate the men and women for some of the class to make asking personal questions more comfortable. This is one way to learn about what to expecting during the delivery process.

Exercise

Exercising during your pregnancy will keep you fit and healthy, as well as give you stamina to endure -- what might be -- a long laboring process. Talk to your doctor about safe exercises you can do during pregnancy, or enroll in pregnancy yoga or aquatics classes. Pregnancy classes include special exercises to assist with breathing during labor and make your body flexible and more supple for the birthing process.

Perineal Massage

Massaging your perineal area is one way to avoid having an episiotomy or tearing during childbirth, which is a fear of many first-time mothers. The perineal area is the area between your vagina and anus. Massaging this tissue will make it stronger, stretchier and less likely to tear during labor and delivery. Wash your hands and apply olive or almond oil to the base of your vagina and insert your thumbs as deeply as you can inside. Press downward toward the rectum and sides of your vagina. Gently continue to stretch this opening until you feel a slight burn or tingling. Hold this stretch until the tingling subsides and gently massage the lower part of the vaginal canal back and forth. Repeat the procedure every day for six to eight weeks prior to your due date.

Create a Birth Plan

Talk with your doctor about how you would like to have your labor and delivery go, including who will be present, what to do in case of emergency and the pain options you would like available. Your birth plan may need to change depending upon your labor and delivery, but having a game plan going into the big day can help ease fears and make your feel more prepared to give birth.

Relax

Take it easy during the last few weeks before you give birth. While you may feel the urge to clean the house and reorganize the spice rack -- known as "nesting" -- you will do better during labor and delivery if you rest and relax. Try not to think too much about the birthing process, as many women develop more fear of the pain of labor by thinking of the worst case scenarios. Yes, childbirth is painful, but there are many methods, such as an epidural, massage or breathing techniques, to help ease the pain. And the reward is well worth it.

Tags: labor delivery, birthing process, during labor, give birth, your vagina

The Power Of Mind Over Body

Sometimes thinking can cure ailments.

We often hear the virtues and benefits that positive thinking can bring. The "mind over matter and body" claim actually has scientific belief backing it. Medical science has widely accepted that the mind can often fix problems with the body using pure thought. Not everyone believes in the power of mind over body. Some think the belief in the power of the mind is itself a myth or just wishful thinking.

Identification

The power of mind over body actually has a scientific name--the "placebo effect". The placebo effect is an observed phenomenon where people often find relief from pain and disease due to the belief in the mind that treatments, real or not, work, according to Scientific American. Doctors have accepted the existence of the placebo effect since Henry K. Beecher's 1955 "The Powerful Placebo" in the Journal of the American Medical Association.

Significance

The power of mind over body is not just a sporadic phenomenon. The existence of the placebo effect is so strong that drug researchers often test drugs to make sure the medication works better than a placebo. According to Beecher's study, simply believing in the medicine may work in as many as 33 percent of all cases. If doctors could harness positive beliefs, it would be a great boon to medical counseling.

Theories/Speculation

Recent studies have shown that support for the placebo effect is not ubiquitous among researchers. Peter Gotzsche and Asbjorn Hrobjartsson of the University of Copenhagen in a report for the New England Journal of Medicine, believe previous placebo research shows that the mind over body effect is not statistically significant compared to no treatment at all.

Potential

Scanning for the effects of placebos on the brain may offer future medical science a way to harness these thoughts, according to an MSNBC article on placebos by Linda Carroll. A Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior at UCLA study on depression showed that people who responded well to antidepressants all showed similar changes in brain chemistry when given a placebo. This could make screening for some medication very cheap by testing for these effects.

Criticism

Some people, such as Roger S. Kirby in "Textbook of Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia", believe that using the power of the mind over the body in placebos might be an ethical violation. The international agreement "Declaration of Helsinki" states that all participants in medical studies should receive the best possible care. Knowingly giving a placebo to someone with an illness could be seen as a violation of this pact.

Tags: mind over, placebo effect, mind over body, power mind over, over body

Why Do Giraffes Live In Hot Climates

Giraffes can run at speeds of up to 35 mph.

Giraffes are the tallest land animals on Earth. There are nine subspecies found under the single umbrella term of "giraffe." Some are darker, some shorter, some heavier. But the major distinctions between the subspecies come from their coat patterns, horns and location.

African Savanna

Giraffes live in Africa, particularly on the savanna, or tropical grasslands. This biome is the middle ground between a wet, tropical rainforest and a dry desert. The savanna is subject to warm temperatures all year and experiences two distinct seasons: a monsoon season in summer and a dry period in winter. Through evolution, these creatures have adapted to living in this enigmatic environment.

Trees on the Savanna

Giraffes are herbivores. They graze like cattle, stripping leaves off trees and tall bushes and then digesting it in their four stomachs. The savanna offers these animals two advantages. First, giraffes are one of only a few animals that can actually reach the tree leaves, meaning that they have a food source that only they can get to. Second, since the tropical grasslands are essentially grassy plains dotted with trees and bushes, these animals have built-in vantage points because of their height. This allows them to keep an eye out for approaching predators.

Water

The most important reason giraffes can live on the savanna is the tree leaves. The leaves give these animals enough water to sustain them through the intensely dry winter months. This means they don't have to migrate. Though giraffes visit watering holes every few days, they can go for weeks without drinking water. When they do, they must do so in shifts because they have to bend in an awkward and vulnerable position to reach the water. With their legs spread and their necks down, they are much more susceptible to lions and crocodiles. They rely on the moisture found in their food to limit the amount of time they must spend trying to drink from watering holes. In certain regions, such as Namibia, moisture from coastal fog accumulates on the leaves, giving additional water to giraffes in that area.

Anatomy

Giraffes have a system of blood vessels that run under those reddish patches on their coats. A larger blood vessel circles each patch and sends smaller vessels into the patch's center. At the center, the vessels release heat from the body, regulating the animal's body temperature. This is one contributing factor to the giraffe's long neck and slender build. Surface area is increased this way, helping the animal to cool off in the heat.

Fun Facts

When Romans first saw giraffes, they called them camel leopards because of the hump on their backs and the spots on their coat. The scientific name for the giraffe is Giraffa camelopardalis. Their 21-inch long tongues are prehensile, so they can wrap them around juicy tree leaves. One of their favorite trees, the acacia, has thorns; the giraffe's thick saliva protects their tongues from being punctured. Some scientists believe that the giraffe's tongue is dark to keep it from getting sunburned when the animal is foraging for leaves.

Giraffes take six five-minute naps in a 24 hour period, averaging a total of 30 minutes of sleep per day.

Tags: these animals, they have, tree leaves, Savanna Giraffes, their coat, they must

What Are The Different Types Of Running

Running is the simplest of sports, requiring only a pair of good shoes and a route. Yet it delivers excellent fitness benefits and psychic joy. There are many types of running in the areas of competition, fitness and pleasure.

Types

Sprinting is done over short distances and delivers anaerobic results. Distance running can be both anaerobic and aerobic. Long distance running, such as track, road, cross country and marathon, requires pacing and is aerobic in its effects. Finally, there is recreational running, which may be at the pace of a jog and can be on diverse terrain, from track to asphalt.

Features

Sprinting is pure all out running. Human beings have the capacity to sprint for about 300 meters before oxygen debt slows them. Soccer, football, basketball, rugby, baseball and other sports feature bursts of sprinting throughout the competition. Children love to sprint and incorporate it into their play. Sprinting is formalized with track and field, which has sprinting events of different lengths. Middle distance races are conducted over 800, 1500 and 3000 meters and one mile on the track. Long distance races are held over 5,000 and 10,000 meters on the track. Long distances are also covered in cross country and road races. Cross country races vary from two miles to about 12000 meters, while road races may range from 5000 meters (5 kilometers) up to the marathon and beyond.

Considerations

For competitive running, it is best to prepare for the demanding stress of the race by working out on a regular basis. Sprinters practice running relaxed and rhythmically at top speed. They may lift weights to increase muscle strength and work on a fast start. Middle distance runner practice by running many "intervals." This means running at their racing pace over shorter distances many times during each workout. For example, a four minute miler may run ten repeat 400 meter runs in 60 seconds each, with a lap of slow jogging between each lap. Long distance runners will run longer intervals; for example, five repeat miles at the pace of a 10,000 meter race. The distance runners will also do "tempo runs," where they run for several miles at a simulated race tempo. Some distance runners do very little practicing on the track, preferring to run on roads or trails. It is possible to improve quickly with interval training; however it is easy to get injured by overwork. Many runners take rest days between interval sessions, running a few easy miles.

Benefits

In terms of exercise, regular easy running promotes healthy circulation and a strong heart. It also boosts the immune system and improves lung capacity. Many frequent runners claim that experience a "runner's high," a feeling of well being and relaxation, during and after long runs. To achieve optimum fitness, it is recommended to run a minimum of three or four times a week for at least 20--30 minutes. It will take beginners some time to build up fitness to maintain this schedule. Other forms of aerobic exercise may be combined with running, such as biking, swimming or walking.

Warning

Anyone considering a program of fitness running should consult with their physician prior to beginning. It is important to wear comfortable running shoes to avoid injury. Many longtime runners report problems with their knees. Warming up with gentle stretches and cooling down by walking can help runners avoid injury.

Tags: distance runners, Long distance, avoid injury, distance races, distance runners will, Middle distance

What Is An Essay

What is an Essay?

If you have been assigned the task of writing an essay, you may be wondering what exactly that entails. How long should an essay be? What should it be about? Are there any special rules of formatting to follow? The following information will explain what an essay is and go about writing one.

Function

As a general rule, an essay's primary function is to express the point of view of its author. For example, someone who is particularly passionate about a religious or political issue may write an essay to support his or her position, especially when the issue is a controversial one. Of course, not all essays are argumentative in nature. The function for each, however, is the same--to express a point of view.

Types

In addition to the argumentative essays mentioned above, there are many other types of essays. Here are some of the most common. Narrative essays are written to tell about an event--often one in the author's life, but always from the author's point of view. Descriptive essays are used to describe something specific, such as a person or a place. Persuasive essays are written in an attempt to sway the reader's way of thinking. A compare-and-contrast essay is used to show the similarities and differences between two or more objects or ideas.

Features

Traditionally, there are three necessary components to any essay. They are the introduction, the body and the conclusion. The introduction is a paragraph that gives an overview of the essay topic, often with background information. The introduction also includes a statement expressing the author's point of view. The body is the largest section of the essay. This is where the argument is proven, the narrative is told or the comparisons and contrasts are made. The conclusion simply wraps up the essay with a summary.

Size

The most common size for an essay is five paragraphs. The introductory first paragraph should be just long enough to give the reader insight into the topic. The body is generally comprised of three paragraphs. Each paragraph should focus on a separate thought, and more paragraphs can be added as needed. Like the introduction, the conclusion is typically only one paragraph in length. While five paragraphs is the norm, the word count can vary greatly, depending upon the complexity of the topic.

Expert Insight

These tips will make writing your essay easier:

Begin by writing a clearly defined point of view (or thesis) statement.

Gather your facts, information and sources before you begin writing the essay.

Create an outline to help you organize your information into the five (or more) paragraphs.

Remember that an essay does not have to be boring--instead, engage your reader with descriptive writing, an interesting topic and a unique point of view.

Always proofread your essay when you are finished.

Tags: point view, author point, author point view, essays written, express point, express point view

Why Is It Hard To Lose Weight With Diabetes

Why Is It Hard to Lose Weight With Diabetes?

According to information from the medical website Medline Plus, diabetes is a disease characterized by the body's inability to produce or properly utilize the storage hormone insulin. Insulin deficiency can be either genetic, as in type I diabetes, or developed, as in type II diabetes. In either case, an individual with diabetes will have a more difficult time losing weight than someone without the disease, owing to his body's inability to control blood sugar and insulin swings.

Diabetes and Insulin

You need to understand the link between blood sugar, insulin and diabetes to better understand why weight loss is more challenging for someone with the condition. Blood sugar is impacted by the foods you eat, with carbohydrates being the food source that has the largest overall impact on blood sugar. When you eat foods containing carbohydrates, blood sugar rises in proportion to the speed at which the food is digested, with fast-digesting carbs causing a proportionately greater increase in blood sugar than slow-digesting carbs. The body responds to this elevation in blood sugar by telling the pancreas to release insulin. Insulin is a storage hormone that binds to blood sugar and carries it to either fat cells (for storage) or muscle cells (for quick energy, where needed). The body will only devote as much of the floating blood sugar to the muscles as required by your current activity level, so elevations in blood sugar during periods of inactivity will result in a proportionately larger increase in fat storage. The reason why diabetics have difficulty losing weight under normal circumstances is that their blood sugar levels are almost constantly elevated through their body's inability to properly regulate blood glucose with insulin. This results in a nearly constant stream of fat storage, as the body must work harder to reduce blood sugar -- constantly feeding it into fat cells for storage, resulting in weight management problems.

Diabetes Dieting Solutions

Managing blood sugar effectively is the key to diabetic dieting. As the body cannot handle excessive amounts of blood sugar without a disproportionate response involving excess fat storage or the development of the symptoms of hyperglycemia, you must control your blood sugar by only consuming carbohydrates that have a nominal impact on blood glucose levels -- fruits, vegetables and whole grains. An alternative solution, accepted by the American Diabetic Association, is adherence to a low-carb diet. This removes the issue of blood sugar from the equation almost entirely, allowing individuals with diabetes to lose weight at a fairly normal rate. Regardless of whether you choose a carb-restricted or low-carb diet, managing blood sugar is the key to losing weight with diabetes.

Tags: blood sugar, body inability, losing weight, blood glucose, blood sugar insulin, cells storage, Hard Lose

The Best Times To Go Shrimping In Florida

Variety and abundance make Florida a shrimp lover's paradise.

While at least one of the four dominant Florida shrimp species are available for catch year-round, each has a season lasting a few months when they are at their peak of taste and plentifully available. With hundreds of miles of warm water coastline that borders the oceanic habitats frequented by shrimp, Florida is one of the preeminent places to take out a boat or pick a spot on the dock to cast a net in search of fresh supper product. Add this to my Recipe Box.

Brown Shrimp

The peak season for catching brown shrimp in Florida is June through August. This type of shrimp runs in color from brown to olive green, distinguishable by a pair of antenna that are longer than its body and a sort of sharp-tipped spear mounted above its head. During season, brown shrimp can be found on the Atlantic and Gulf Coast of the state, as well as in the Keys. Meat from this species of shrimp has a firmer texture and stronger flavor due to higher iodine content.

Pink Shrimp

Pink shrimp reach their peak during two different times of the year. The first is from March to May. The shrimp become abundant again during the months October through December. Pink shrimp are found more often in the southern Florida waters, especially in the Keys, giving rise to the term "Key West Pinks." This species of shrimp tends to grow the largest and has a tender, sweeter taste to its meat than the others. Pinks are the most abundantly caught Florida shrimp.

Rock Shrimp

August through October are prime shrimping months for rock shrimp. Rock shrimp are caught in deeper water, primarily off the Atlantic coast of the state. While rock shrimp meat has the same sweet taste of its brown, white, and pink cousins, its firmer texture makes a comparison to lobster meat somewhat appropriate. The name "rock shrimp" comes from the tough shell exterior that is much harder than other shrimp species.

White Shrimp

On the northern Atlantic coast of Florida, white shrimp are at their peak for capture October through December. Despite the name, whites are actually more of a green-gray to blue-gray color. They turn the typical pink hue when cooked. Wild caught white shrimp have a sweet, firm texture to their meat that holds up well under a variety of recipes and cooking conditions, making it a favorite with chefs, locals and tourists alike. These shrimp spawn in the deeper ocean but are carried by tides and currents into coastal river mouths, bays and estuaries to mature just in time to land on a seafood lover's dinner plate.

Tags: Florida shrimp, rock shrimp, their peak, Atlantic coast, brown shrimp

What Are The Causes Of A Burning Sensation In The Toes

Strange or chronic feelings of burning, pain, or numbness about the body may be alarming, and can be symptoms of serious medical problems. If you experience burning in the toes it is important to determine the cause of the sensation, since you may need treatment for an underlying condition.

Trauma

One potential cause of burning in the feet is any traumatic event that affects the foot directly. If the foot is struck hard with an object, sprained, or broken, the toes may feel as if they are burning. Running or walking excessively, or with improper padding in the shoes (or barefoot) can cause burning in the toes. If blisters form in between the toes they may be uncomfortable and burn.

Burns

It should come as little surprise that a burning sensation in the feet and toes can be caused by being burned. Burns from heat will cause blisters that can result in a lasting burning sensation. Subjecting the toes to extreme cold for an extended period of time can also cause numbness and skin burns or frostbite. Sunburns and chemical burns may also be a source of the sensation.

Circulatory Problems

Numbness and burning in the extremities, especially the toes, can be caused by an ineffective circulatory system. Obesity and diabetes are likely to be a risk factor for toe burning and pain. Heart disease and clogged arteries (peripheral artery disease) may also lead to burning sensations in the feet.

Nerve Damage

The nerves are communication lines in the body that sense pain and other feelings and transmit those sensations to the brain. When a person has damaged nerves, the nerves may send signals the the brain indicating pain or burning sensations in different parts of the body. There are many underlying conditions that can affect the nerves and cause nerve damage, such as bodily trauma and accidents during surgical procedures.

Infection

Another common cause of burning sensations are various types of infections. Normal bodily infections, such as bacteria getting into an open wound or blister may cause burning in the toes. Athletes foot or other fungal infections are also well known causes of burning sensations around the toes. Often these causes can be treated with store bought medicines to reduce the amount of pain, and eliminate the fungus.

Tags: burning sensations, cause burning, burning toes, burning pain, cause burning toes

The Different Colors Of Red To Dye Hair

Red hair color comes in many shades and hues.

Thoughts of red hair conjure up images of the traditional orange-haired Irish lassie. But red hair dye comes in a wide range of hues, from the lightest strawberry blond to deep, dramatic shades of dark burgundy. Does this Spark an idea?

Light Reds

Strawberry blond hair color warms natural blond shades.

Light shades of red, such as strawberry blond and light coppery brown, look best on people with warm skin tones. If a solid color change isn't desirable, natural blond or light brown hair takes on a warm glow with the application of copper highlights.

Medium Reds

Auburn hair is in the medium red color range.

Medium shades of red are those in the orange color family. These range from persimmon, to tomato red, to the pumpkin-like shades of medium auburn. Multi-dimensional color is achieved by the addition of blond highlights or dark brown-to-auburn lowlights. Medium reds look good on warm or cool skin tones.

Dark Reds

Burgundy highlights add dimension to brunette hair.

Dark reds feature a blue base color and work best on natural brunettes with cool skin tones. Plum, black cherry, burgundy and crimson describe these dramatic red hair colors, which are often applied as highlights to dark brown or black hair.

Tags: skin tones, blond light, cool skin, cool skin tones, hair color, highlights dark, natural blond

What Are The Common Symptoms Of Dehydration

Dehydration occurs when a person doesn't take in enough fluids. This can make someone very ill if not remedied quickly. When dehydration occurs, there aren't enough fluids in the body to ensure normal bodily functions. Symptomsofdehydration.com says people ought to monitor their fluid loss and intake when they experience any of the following symptoms.

Urine Output

Urine output is almost immediately affected by dehydration. As a result of not getting enough fluid intake the body will produce less urine. One reason for this is the body's attempt to conserve the little fluid it does have. A clue that this is occurring is in one's urine color. If you notice your urine is dark yellow in color it's likely that dehydration is the culprit (although this can be due to taking vitamins).

Chills

When someone is dehydrated they are likely be sensitive to cold environments and may get the chills. Another name for chills is rigors or shivering. When someone experiences chills, they'll feel a sensation of coldness whether they are actually in a cold environment or not. The person may begin to shiver, which is usually accompanied by pale skin and feeling cold.

Dry Skin

Dehydration can also cause someone's skin to become dry and flaky, and in some extreme circumstances it can make someone's skin crack. When dehydration occurs the skin's hydration becomes diminished and the skin becomes less resilient. To assess this symptom, pinch your skin and see how long it takes to return to normal. If it snaps back into place, you are adequately hydrated. If it "oozes" back into place, you may be dehydrated.

Dry Mouth

Dehydration can make the mouth very dry. This is a condition known as dry mouth (the scientific name is xerostomia). Some other common names for dry mouth are pasties or cotton-mouth. It occurs when there's a lack of saliva. Dehydration can also cause sticky saliva. Sometimes dry mouth can even cause the mucus membranes to die. Remedies include drinking water or administering dry mouth-relieving products such as Biotene or Orajel.

Fatigue or Weakness

Dehydration can also cause physical or mental fatigue. When someone doesn't get enough fluids into their system they may experience muscle weakness or somnolence (decreased wakefulness). Someone who is dehydrated may also find themselves being confused a lot more than normal.

Tags: also cause, Dehydration also, Dehydration also cause, enough fluids, When someone, back into

What Are The Qualifications For An Ironman Triathlon

The goal of many athletes is to compete in an Ironman triathlon. The Ironman is seen by many to be the pinnacle of triathlon participation. It is a great accomplishment to complete an Ironman triathlon.

History

The first Ironman triathlon was held in Oahu, Hawaii, in 1979. The first male winner was John Collins. The first female winner was Lyn Lemaire.

Identification

To qualify to be an Ironman triathlon, the race must have a 2.4 mile swim, 112 mile bike and a marathon length (26.2 mile) run.

Size

The first Ironman attracted 50 participants. Ironman triathlons have been steadily gaining popularity ever since. There are now 21 Ironman races held all over the world that lead up to the championship in Kona, Hawaii.

Considerations

Anyone can enter an Ironman triathlon, but most must qualify to go to the championship in Kona. Some do get in by lottery, but most qualify at one of the other Ironman races held during the year leading up to Kona.

Benefits

There are many benefits to being an Ironman triathlete. Triathlon training is well rounded; it develops the entire muscular and cardiovascular system for a well-balanced, healthy physique.

Tags: Ironman triathlon, championship Kona, first Ironman, Ironman races, Ironman races held, races held