Running shoes are designed to help reduce injury.
An athlete who runs a great deal of miles must be careful to pick the appropriate type of running shoe. This is because the biomechanical motion during running can create a risk of injury, especially if the runner wears the wrong kind of shoe. According to the Running Shoes Guru, there are essentially three types of running shoes for high mileage and each is designed to stabilize the arch of the athlete's foot.
Cushioned
Cushioned shoes are designed to work with runners who have high arched feet. During high mileage running, it is important to maintain proper foot striking motion because the repetitive stress can easily result in injury. A high arched foot will generally hit the ground adjacent to the middle part of the heel. There is minimal rotation as the weight shifts and this results in poor impact absorption. A cushioned running shoe solves the problem by not only improving rotation, but also containing many layers of support to improve impact absorption.
Stability
Stability running shoes are designed to work with high mileage runners who have mid to high arched feet. During running, a mid arched foot will initially land near the outside of the heel and then it will roll inward as the weight is shifted across the foot. This process results in good shock absorption and is why mid arched feet have the ideal biomechanics. Stability running shoes contain all the elements of cushioning, stability and rigidity but to a mild degree. They do not have to correct the biomechanical motion of a mid arched runner.
Motion Control
Motion control shoes are designed to work with high mileage runners who have low arched feet. During running, a low arched foot will land too far on the outside of the heel and the foot will over-correct this problem by excessively rotating inward as weight shifts across the foot. According to Runner's World magazine, this process is known as overpronation. Motion control shoes are heavier and contain insoles to prevent the foot from excessively rolling inward.
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